Alpha Blockers for the Treatment of High Blood Pressure

Alpha blockers (or alpha adrenergic blocking agents). See list of alpha blockers.

How alpha blockers work

Alpha receptors are found on the muscle of blood vessels and cause constriction of blood vessels, which will increase blood pressure. Alpha blockers decrease the constriction of blood vessels by the alpha receptors and so the blood vessels relax (dilate). A wider inside diameter of a blood vessel results in a decrease in blood pressure.

Use of alpha blockers

Alpha blockers are very rarely used as a first line of treatment of high blood pressure, unless there is also enlargement of the prostate gland (benign prostate hyperplasia). Alpha blockers reduce problems with urination that can occur when the prostate is enlarged.

Since alpha blockers can cause lightheadedness and dizziness, it is usually recommended that they are taken at bed time.

Potential side effects of alpha blockers

Common side effects include dizziness and lightheadedness.

There is evidence that alpha blockers increase the risk of heart and stroke.

As with all drugs, there may be side effects when this class of drugs is taken in combination with certain other drugs. Make sure that your health care provider is aware of any, and all, prescription drugs, non-prescription drugs, herbal supplements, nutritional supplements and vitamins that are being taken.